The Philippines has 25 active volcanoes and is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, where all but three of the world's 25 largest volcanic eruptions of the last 11,700 years have occurred.And although Taal comes second only to Mayon as the most active volcano in the Philippines, in size, it is the . It is an active volcano that stretches for miles beneath sea level, and is around 2.5 miles above the water at its peak. interesting facts about galeras volcano. The city and towns' evacuation was ordered, but reportedly ignored. Activity at a low level has continued at Galeras, with small explosions occasionally dusting nearby villages and towns with ash. Your email address will not be published. They have gentle slopes which have been structured by the fluid basalt lavas. In fact, its loud noises that actually do a lot of damage to the ground around and near a volcano. Ash reached a maximum height of 6 km above sea level. Hot lava fell 3.5 km from the volcano and started fires. Volcanoes are dangerous: estimated figures say that volcanic activities kill more than 500 people all . We hope you enjoyed these interesting facts about volcanoes, also check 28 Facts About Gravity That Will Blow your Mind | Geology.com. 2008 Eruption Historical records of these eruptions date back to 1535, and periods of activity have occurred every few decades since that time. Small explosions occasionally cause ash to fall on nearby villages and towns. The largest volcanoes on planet Earth are shield volcanoes. The eruption caused ashfall in Pashto and surrounding villages. Among them, the Galeras volcano located in near Pasto, Columbia is notable for being one of the most frequently active volcanoes. It's a little-known fact that the Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii is taller than Mount Everest. Tectonic plates are pieces of the Earth's surface that fit together like a jigsaw. Its first eruption was dated back to December 7, 1580, as recorded. Volcano is a vent in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows material warmer than its surroundings to escape from its interior. Lava is the liquid that is expelled from the volcano. The Galeras volcano (lat. The radar illumination is from the top of the image. Here are some fun facts about volcanoes! As in 2005, the city of Pasto was blanketed by a layer of ash after the volcanic explosion (due to the direction of the wind). Share them in the comments below! According to the Colombian Geological Service, the first quake occurred at 4:35 a.m. local time (about 0935 GMT) and registered 4.5 on the Richter scale. Source: Pixabay. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Read also: 5 Interesting Facts You must know about Japan. Seismic B-types had been used successfully to predict eruptions on other volcanoes. 2005 Eruptions The area shown is 49.1 by 36.0 kilometers (30.5 by 22.3 miles), centered at 1.2 degrees north latitude and 77.4 degrees west longitude. The word "volcano" comes from the Roman name "Vulcan". Its population is about 350,000, and over 50,000 more . Galeras. General Facts Galeras is one of Colombia's most active volcanoes. This segment was pushed northward and upward, and this thrusting (in addition to the subduction of part of the Nazca plate under the Colombian block) created the Northern Andes. Galeras, a stratovolcano in the southwestern part of Colombia, is one of the South American country's most active volcanoes. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Category handler/data' not found. Interesting Facts about the Ring of Fire. Volcanoes are most commonly found on tectonic plate boundaries. Volcanoes: Interesting Facts and F.A.Q. The Fuego Volcano is especially known for being active on the lower levels, so you can expect to see gas or volcanic ash eruptions in intervals of 15-20 minutes. 6 Essential Facts Everyone Should Know about Fertility, 15 Energising Facts about Weightlifting. The cinder cone tends to be the least vicious, with the stratovolcano being the most deadly. It is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the region. A second most active volcano in the Philippines. These fiery peaks have belched up molten rock, hot ash, and gas since Earth formed billions of years ago. Calvache V., Marta Lucia; Corts, Gloria Patricia; Williams, Stanley N. (1997). Volcanic eruptions can send ash up to 30 kilometers into the air. 1924-27, 1923, 1891, 1889, 1865-70, 1836, 1828-34, 1823, 1796-1801, 1754-56, 1670-1736, 1616, 1580, 1535. tTy4?0nF ;vK)P[^R,isWz)2BAe-B_`;nd= The cinder cone tends to be the least vicious, with the stratovolcano being the most deadly. Mount Vesuvius is a complex stratovolcano, built by layers of hardened lava, pumice, and volcanic ash. [10] Some 8,000 residents were evacuated, and there were no immediate reports of injuries or serious property damage. Ashfall was reported in the Municipalities of Sandona, Ancuya, Linares, La Llanada, and Sotomayor. Reported incidents with no official proof occurred in 1836, 1930, 1933, and 1973.[1]. Ash fell in the city of Pasto. When the volcano erupted, the explosion fired up hot ash 50 miles into the air. The local authorities ordered two water treatment plants near Galeras to shut down. Do you know any fun facts about volcanoes? North is toward the upper right. The seismic signal associated with the eruption was lower than that recorded during the eruption of 30th September 2009. Approximately 400,000 people live within the volcanos zone of influence. The money and infrastructure required in such a project, however, would be epic, so it remains an idea rather than a reality. Taal Volcano is one of the smallest volcanoes in the world. Then, on February 14, 2009, the volcano erupted around 19:10 (local) (00:10 UTC). This page was last modified on 6 February 2023, at 06:18. [citation needed]. Two hundred . "Tornillo-type seismic signals at Galeras volcano, Colombia, 19921993". In this fact file, well take a look at some interesting bits and pieces about these natural formations, and why we are all still so intrigued by them. Wind direction according to the weather station installed at the top of Galeras, is toward the west coast. If you add the underwater volcanoes, you get an estimate that there are a total of about 6,000 volcanoes that have erupted in the last 10,000 years. Its name is derived from an Icelandic phrase meaning "the island's mountain glacier," and the volcano itself lies beneath Eyjafjallajkull (Eyjafjalla Glacier). 2 0 obj NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the University of Marylands Global Land Cover Facility. Every donation will be highly appreciated. 1. Here is a look at some of the most interesting tidbits of information. Official records held that 165 villages and towns surrounding Krakatoa were destroyed and 132 more were seriously damaged. Narvez, L., Cepeda, H. and Stix, J., 1997. They've created more than . On April 10th, 1815, humanity witnessed an eruption that killed over 100,000 in Tambora, Indonesia. [3] It is currently the most active volcano in Colombia. On the 12th July there was an increase in activity which includes two explosions and 1000 people were evacuated from the surrounding areas. An eruption occurred at Galeras volcano, Colombia on 20th November 2009, causing 1000 evacuations. Approximately 400,000 people live within the volcano's zone of influence. Land Galeras is a stratovolcano in the SW corner of Columbia. The volcano sitting below Yellowstone Park in the US could, theoretically, kill billions - five out of eight people on the whole planet could die in its wake! The volcano has been active for more than 1 million years, and two major caldera collapse eruptions took place during the past 100,000 years. Its peak rises 4,276 metres (14,029ft) above sea level. "Stratigraphy and chronology of the Galeras volcanic complex, Colombia". Magma is rock that is so hot, it has turned into a liquid. Recent eruptions have been more frequent, and in the last few decades have been characterized by lava dome extrusion and explosions from the central vent of the cone, accompanied by persistent seismic activity. Lahar is an Indonesian word describing a mudflow or debris flow that originates on the slopes of a volcano. The volcano has continued to be well-studied, and predictions of eruptions at the volcano have improved. This volcano is monitored by the Deep Earth Carbon Degassing Project. 4. Galeras is considered the most active volcano in Colombia, followed by Nevado del Ruiz. Hot lava fell 3.5 km from the volcano and started fires. Sulphur dioxide measurements made between 9:30 and 10:00 am showed high levels between 1100 and 9300 tons/day. Some of the people who entered the crater did not wear a helmet or take other safety gear. [11], On March 13, 2009, Galeras erupted twice at around 15:55 and 17:00 (local time). An eruption occurred at Galeras volcano on 2nd January 2010. ash was ejected to a height of 12 km. Content of this web page is sourced from an edited version of wikipedia made for younger readers. Believe it or not, some volcanoes grew very quickly indeed. Volcanoes can be good for the landscape! An eruption occurred at Galeras volcano, Colombia on 20th February 2009 at 7:05 am, local time. VW is a higher education, k-12, and public outreach project of the Oregon Space Grant Consortium The volcano has continued to be well-studied, and predictions of eruptions at the volcano have improved. The Center of The World's Volcanoes. 500 km. Source:SIR-C/X-SAR Space radar images of Earth at JPL. [2] A 1993 eruption killed nine people, including six scientists who had gone down into the volcano's crater to take samples of gases and measure gravity in an attempt to be able to predict future eruptions. <>>> The initial eruptive event was associated with a seismic signal which lasted for approximately 13 minutes. Since the Fagradasfjall eruption ended on 16 October 2021, there haven't been volcanic eruptions in Iceland until 3 August 2022. It uses data in the red, green, and blue wavelengths (TM bands 3 . More than 300,000 residents live within 25 miles from the volcano, making it the most dangerous volcano in Mexico. This design makes it one of the most unique volcanoes in the . It has erupted many times since the Spanish conquest. In an eruption in 1993, it killed a group of scientists and tourists who had been inside its crater when it erupted. Volcanoes, explained. 1989 Eruptions A volcano is an opening in the Earth's surface from which magma, gas, and ash can erupt and escape. The Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajkull was considered dormant for almost 200 years, but in 2010 woke up. Ash plumes were visible at Galeras volcano between 14-27 January 2009. . Its highest point rises to 5,466 feet (1,666 metres) above sea level. Despite some claims stating otherwise, no - Mount Everest is not a volcano! The huge amount of volcanoes and earthquakes are due to the amount of movement of the tectonic plates in . Satellite images like this are valuable in studying volcanoes that can be dangerous to study on the ground. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use Privacy Policy. According to some geologists, there have been around 1500 volcanoes in the past 10,000 years that have shown some level of activity. The Galeras volcanic complex is more than one million years old; its history has included caldera-forming eruptions, summit collapses, and stratocone-building activity. Galeras erupted on 24th November after tornillo earthquakes were registered at the volcano. To make this even more fun, I would like you to challenge yourself or others to see who knows more about volcanoes. g9,m ^(-pgcHh$*`s> H0Yid849QzjPB6Fn`8ye,3SV/!63c6%P n . M4.5 earthquake near Galeras volcano kills 2 people. 4 0 obj Mauna Loa is taller than Mount Everest. Galeras has been an active volcano for at least a million years. 2009 Eruptions Ash plumes were visible at Galeras volcano between 14-27 January 2009. % (Image credit: NASA.) Galeras is one of Colombia's most active volcanoes. There are confirmed reports that the eruption was heard in the city of Popayan, over 150 km NNE of the volcano. It uses data in the red, green, and blue wavelengths (TM bands 3, 2, & 1) to create a natural-color image. Between 12,000 and 5,000 years ago, several edifice collapses occurred because of hydrothermal alteration of the volcanic complex; one of these created the breach in the caldera in which the active stratocone now sits. Subsequently, part of the caldera wall has collapsed, possibly due to instabilities caused by hydrothermal activity, and later eruptions have built up a smaller cone inside the now horseshoe-shaped caldera. This identified it as a target for detailed study as part of the United Nations' "International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction". Galeras is one of Colombias most active volcanoes, with at least 20 eruptions since the 1500s. Twenty people were in the crater when the volcano erupted. Galeras is an andesitic stratovolcano that is part of an older volcanic complex. These have occurred before about four-fifths of the explosions at Galeras, and the number of tornillo events recorded before an eruption is also correlated with the size of the ensuing eruption. The volcano is 9 km from Pasto (San Juan de Pasto), a city of over 500,000. Volcano facts. The volcanoes in Hawaii are notable due to the large size. The eruption occurred at 8:37 am and was accompanied by sound which was heard by residents surrounding the volcano. Volcanoes have some interesting facts about them that goes beyond the flow of lava or the explosion of ash that may occur. It has erupted frequently since the Spanish conquest, with its first historical eruption being recorded on December 7, 1580. The volume of the volcanoes can reach thousands of km cubic. This identified it as a target for detailed study as part of the United Nations' "International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction". There's a 20 Mile Radius of Immediate Danger. Galeras erupted again on August 25, 2010, with an ash plume visible in the air. Stix, John, et al. We're aiming to achieve uninterrupted service wherever an earthquake or volcano eruption unfolds, and your donations can make it happen! The active cone began growing 4,500 years ago, and its eruptive style has been characterized by relatively small Vulcanian explosions. Baxter, Peter J., and Austin Gresham. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This page was last modified on October 28, 2022. However, the prediction was based simply on the one seismographic printout viewed in the light of previous history of Galeras, without any additional scientific measurements showing any serious activity within the volcano.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Category handler/data' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Category handler/data' not found.[source?]. The city of Pasto, about 9 kilometres (5.6mi) from the volcano, was blanketed by a layer of ash after the volcanic explosion, forcing the residents to put on goggles and face masks. The local authorities ordered two water treatment plants near Galeras to shut down. The internal temperature of a volcano can reach 1000C but the lava can reach up to 1200C when it reaches the surface. More than 100minor tremors were felt during a major eruption in April 2002, although no damage or injury was reported. The last volcanic eruption in Utah was 660 years ago Every year about 60 volcanoes erupt, though most are pretty weak . The second some time between 40,000 and 150,000 years ago, in a smaller but still sizable eruption of 2 cubic kilometres (0.48cumi) of material. Galeras is considered the most active volcano in Colombia, followed by Nevado del Ruiz. Ash fell on Pasto and some other towns near the volcano. Colombian authorities also stated that it could remain volatile in the weeks to come. "But who was Vulcan?" you might ask. The Colombian government has repeatedly ordered evacuations to temporary shelters, of more than 8500people residing in the highest risk areas surrounding the volcano, with hopes of eventual assistance toward permanent relocation. Mayon Volcano with cloudy hat- Author; Patryk Reba- Wikimedia. Up to 8000 people were evacuated from around the volcano after an explosive eruption of Galeras on 14th February 2009. The eruption, which was described as non-explosive, caused authorities to raise an alert for neighbouring towns. Due to the presence of magma close to the surface, and the history of the volcano, INGEOMINAS has raised the alert status to the highest level RED. Twenty tornillo earthquakes occurred at the volcano in 16 days prior to the eruption. The volcano mountain, together with its surrounding landscape, was declared a national park on July 20, 1938, making it the very first in the nation. The volcano is about 20 miles (32 km) north of Yogyakarta and somewhat farther south of Semarang. There are volcano observatories all over the world around a hundred, in fact. ,$w{cwj)hW;\(Hk7S3b/\BA>3#P ^V6iE!/{|H. The eruption was accompanied by shock waves, and and vibrations in several villages located in the catchment area of the volcano. Galeras is located near a northwest-dipping thrust fault zone that resulted from this collision. All ocean seafloor is created by basalt coming out at mid-ocean ridges. Health concerns after a volcanic eruption include infectious . Facebook; Youtube; RSS; Menu. Many are in the Ring of Fire, in the Pacific. It has erupted many times since the Spanish conquest. Numerous minor tremors and ash emissions since March 2006 culminated on 12 July 2006 in three explosive eruptions, producing an ash and gas column reaching an altitude of 8 kilometres (5.0mi). There are 125 streams, several rivers, and four lakes that supply water to 500,000 people near the Galeras. Ash reached a maximum height of 6 km above sea level. On May 24, 2005, Colombian officials ordered 9,000 people living near the flanks of the volcano to evacuate, as seismic activity increased and the threat of eruption loomed. However, the prediction was based simply on the one seismographic printout viewed in the light of previous history of Galeras, without any additional scientific measurements showing any serious activity within the volcano. This image was acquired by the Landsat 5 satellite's Thematic Mapper (TM) instrument on August 7, 1989. When this material escapes, it causes an eruption. A hydrothermal eruption occurred on 7th June 2002 at El Pinta Crater. 2. The active cone, with a small summit pit, is the red feature on the lower right edge of thecaldera(crater) wall. Galeras became active again in 1988 after 10 years of dormancy. Reported incidents with no official proof occurred in 1836, 1930, 1933, and 1973. South America currently has a few dozen active volcanoes. There are many fascinating volcano facts that are both terrifying and interesting. Nawi'/ _(`; M#SaZ\@Xa%lbuKMCuA=b( 25 M@%kAo4[RGT]GgH_r@Q@ /KkF/{rOiiUiQb_Y2,m/rd]N7^':^rC~z:!u\D** Hv8|l Galeras is the light green area near the center of the image. The second was some time between 40,000 and 150,000 years ago, in a smaller but still sizable eruption of 2 cubic kilometres (0.48cumi) of material. Galeras volcano map: Map showing the location of Galeras Volcano in southwestern Colombia. <> It is the most active volcano in Japan. The seismic energy was almost twice the assessed for the eruption of 14th February 2009. The Santa Maria Volcano in Guatemala has already shown its power with one of the most catastrophic eruptions in the 20 th century taking place in 1902. There were at least two explosions, and emission of incandescent material, along with a sulphurous smell. There were at least two explosions, and emission of incandescent material, along with a sulphurous smell. This can extend to 20 miles long! Galeras, Colombia. Since that second eruption, part of the caldera wall has collapsed, possibly due to instabilities caused by hydrothermal (high-temperature water) activity, and later eruptions have built up a smaller cone inside the now horseshoe-shaped caldera. Articles, facts, information and photos for volcanoes and volcanic activity. The eruption was accompanied by acoustic waves. Olympus Mons is the tallest volcano in the known universe. [4], Elements in the media made the event controversial. The city of Pasto, about 9 kilometres (5.6mi) from the volcano, was blanketed by a layer of ash after the volcanic explosion, forcing the residents to put on goggles and face masks. 15 15. The asteroid that killed the dinosaurs also caused volcanoes to erupt everywhere, Its dominant product is andesite, an igneous rock . While there arent volcanoes in our back gardens, around 80% of the planet is actually made up of volcanic rock! 2010 Eruption The Galeras volcanic complex is located in the Colombian segment of the South American Andes mountains. Galeras became active again in 1988 after 10 years of dormancy. As ash gradually pushes up towards the surface of a volcano, the friction creates a lightning effect. Maintaining our website and our free apps does require, however, considerable time and resources. One phenomenon, which seems to be a reliable precursor to eruptive activity, is a low-frequency seismic event known as a "tornillo event". Shield Volcanoes Facts 5: the Hawaiian Islands. Back then the volcano affected a very large part of the south west of the country; today with many more people in the area the impact of this volcano in the Pacific Ring of Fire could be much greater. Later the experts confirmed partial damage in the national and local TV towers. The Taal caldera is filled with lakes because of the past eruptions between 140,000 and 5,380 BP. [4], Elements in the media made the event controversial by suggesting the expedition leader, geologist Stanley Williams, who survived along with four others, had ignored safety procedures. The regional Romeral-Buesaco fault system intersects the volcano along NE-SW axes, and the Pasto fault traverses the edifice on its southeastern flank. Colombian authorities also stated that it could remain volatile in the weeks to come. Two caldera forming events have occurred at the volcano. Galeras erupted again on August 25, 2010, with an ash plume visible in the air. A minute later, a second quake measuring magnitude-4.3 hit, several mild aftershocks have followed. 4. Galeras volcano is located in southern Colombia close to the border with Ecuador. Up to 8000 people were evacuated from around the . One of the most captured volcanoes and lakes in the Philippines. Major explosive eruptions since the mid Holocene have produced widespread tephra deposits and pyroclastic flows that swept all but the southern flanks. This image shows Galeras Volcano and the city of Pasto to its east. On March 13, 2009, Galeras erupted twice: at around 15:55 and 17:00 (local time). Volcano Fun Facts for Kids. Some volcanoes create earth-shattering, booming sounds whereas others will hiss and crackle. 2012-14 Eruptions 3 0 obj There are said to be more than 500 active volcanoes worldwide. According to reports (in Spanish) from Colombias Institute of Geology and Mining published on June 1, 2005, the volcano is likely to erupt in coming days or weeks. The volcanic complex consists of several small calderas, cinder cones and a stratovolcano. Numerous minor tremors and ash emissions since March 2006 culminated on 12 July 2006 in three explosive eruptions, producing an ash and gas column reaching an altitude of 8 kilometres (5.0mi). Long-term extensive hydrothermal alteration has contributed to large-scale . It is one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia. In Philippine mythology, it is regarded as very sacred. The volcano has areas of extensive hydrothermal alteration, which weakens rock and makes it more prone to collapsing. A volcano can be the trigger point for various geological or natural disasters. [13] This was the 10th such eruption of the volcano in the preceding 12 months, and the first of 2010. They suggested that the expedition leader, geologist Stanley Williams, who survived along with four others, had ignored safety procedures. Other eruptions similar to this event include those in 3150BC 200 years, 2580BC 500 years, 1160BC 300 years, 490BC 100 years, and in 890 AD 200 years. Its earliest activity during the Holocene has been dated at 7050 BC 1000 years through radiocarbon dating. Jessica Ball is a graduate student in the Department of Geology at the State University of New York at Buffalo. The caldera is not perfectly formed. The column reached a height of about 8 km, with dispersal to the east, at an altitude of 2500 m, the plume of ash was to the west, and between these two levels, the ash moved north. The majority of Earth's surface is volcanic rock. Here are 24 interesting Volcano facts. 4 Colombia | ReliefWeb", http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/KKEE-6R7M3C?OpenDocument, "Image: Crateres_de_impacto_erupcion_Galeras_ene_17_2008_sector_sur_crater.jpg, (2000 1500 px)", http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/pasto/images/7/75/Crateres_de_impacto_erupcion_Galeras_ene_17_2008_sector_sur_crater.jpg, http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/01/17/international/i202255S91.DTL, https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jvrQSoNBVjP5jhm1Fv_2oh43T9nA, http://www.pr-inside.com/galeras-volcano-erupts-in-southwestern-colombia-r1060096.htm, Eruptions of Galeras Volcano Situation Report No 1, "Evacuation after Colombia volcano erupts", http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/evacuation-after-colombia-volcano-erupts-3323350, "'Red alert' issued for Colombian volcano after non-explosive eruption", http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/americas/08/25/colombia.volcano/index.html?hpt=Sbin, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, https://www2.sgc.gov.co/getattachment/Pasto/Volcanes/Volcan-Galeras/Mapa-de-amenazas/Resumen-MEMORIA-ACTUALIZACION-DEL-MAPA-DE-AMENAZA/Memoria_Actualizacion_Mapa_Amenaza_Volcanica_Volcan_Galeras_2015.pdf.aspx, Thousands flee after volcano begins to erupt in Colombia, GOES imagery of the 03 January 2010 eruption (CIMSS Satellite Blog), https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/w/index.php?title=Galeras&oldid=5160114. PASTO: Geographical, Economics and Culture, "Colombia: Reporte de actividad eruptiva de Galeras, Julio 13 de 2006 Colombia | ReliefWeb", http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/VBOL-6RNGLQ?OpenDocument, "Colombia: Galeras Volcano OCHA Situation Report No. It allows you to precisely label--and confront--subtle emotions. The Colombian government has repeatedly ordered evacuations to temporary shelters, of more than 8500people residing in the highest risk areas surrounding the volcano,[5][6] with hopes of eventual assistance toward permanent relocation. endobj Image of the Day Three major volcanic edifices have been sequentially constructed since the mid-Pleistocene over a basement of metamorphic rocks. The previous eruption at Galeras on 16th July 1992 was preceded by 9 tornillo earthquakes in 5 days. Projectiles fell 3 km from the crater starting fires. An eruption occurred at Galeras volcano, Colombia on 20th February 2009 at 7:05 am, local time. [1] Two major caldera-forming eruptions have occurred, the first about 560,000 years ago in an eruption which expelled about 15 cubic kilometres (3.6cumi) of material. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research77.1-4 (1997): 285-303. Galeras (Urcunina among the 16th-century indigenous people) is an Andean stratovolcano in the Colombian department of Nario, near the departmental capital Pasto.Its summit rises 4,276 metres (14,029 ft) above sea level.It has erupted frequently since the Spanish conquest, with its first historical eruption being recorded on December 7, 1580. Ash from 11th August eruption fell on La Florida (10 km NW), Nario, Sandon, and Consac. Merapi ("Mountain of Fire") rises to 9,551 feet (2,911 metres) and has steep slopes with dense vegetation on its lower flanks. The ashes he threw into the atmosphere forced many European countries to temporarily stop air flights. These stations, as you might imagine, help to monitor activity and the potential for eruption. These have occurred before about eighty percent (80%) of the explosions at Galeras, and the number of tornillo events recorded before an eruption is also correlated with the size of the eruption that followed. Volcanoes: Myths and legends. Its peak rises 4,276 metres (14,029ft) above sea level. Activity at the volcano is currently low. It is seen here from the south on March 17, 1989, with steam clouds pouring from vents on the large central cone near the back headwall of the caldera, whose south rim forms the ridge in the foreground. Land Journal of volcanology and geothermal research,77(1-4), pp.159-171. Later the experts confirmed partial damage in the national and local TV towers. Double It Up. Its earliest activity during the Holocene has been dated at 7050 BC 1000 years through radiocarbon dating. In 2010, the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajkull caused a huge disruption to air flight thanks to its eruption and pillars of smoke! After the eruption there was a decrease in seismic activity, characterized by the presence of a few events associated with fluid dynamics and low energy levels. Colombian authorities also stated that it could remain volatile in the weeks to come. Ash fell on Pasto and some other towns near the volcano, where an evacuation was ordered but reportedly ignored. The city of Pasto, with a population of 300,000, is shown in orange near the bottom of the image, just 8 kilometers (5 miles) from the volcano. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The eruption, which was described as non-explosive, caused authorities to raise an alert for neighbouring towns.[14]. Volcanic eruptions can result in additional threats to health, such as floods, mudslides, power outages, drinking water contamination, and wildfires. Between January and June 2006 a lava dome continued to grow in the crater at Galeras volcano. 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